The federal government is questioning Pennsylvania’s use of proceeds from its tax on Medicaid managed care organizations to draw down federal Medicaid matching funds.
Federal law permits some use of revenue from health care-related taxes to help finance the state’s share of Medicaid spending, but such taxes must be “broad-based” and a 2009 change in the law narrowed the definition of what constitutes a broad-based tax.
According to an audit performed by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services’ Office of the Inspector General, Pennsylvania’s current tax on HealthChoices managed care organizations (MCOs)

…is impermissible because it is not broad based (the Gross Receipts Tax does not apply to all MCOs) and because it holds the Medicaid MCOs harmless as taxpayers…

According to the inspector general’s report, the state collected $1.76 billion in gross receipts tax revenue from its Medicaid MCOs between FY 2009 and 2011 and drew down federal Medicaid funds to match that revenue.
State officials disagree with the inspector general’s findings and have submitted their opposing arguments to the federal government.
The loss of gross receipts tax revenue would leave an enormous hole in the state’s financing of its share of Medicaid spending and could pose a considerable challenge for the state’s private safety-net hospitals because they serve so many Medicaid patients.
Find the inspector general’s report, including its findings and recommendations and the state’s response to them, here on the web site of the Office of the Inspector General.